There are four main types of arrhythmia:
1. Premature (Extra) Beats
The majority of these are harmless and symptom free. Their technical name is premature atrial contractions, or PACs.These are the most common type and feel like skipped beats or a "fluttering" in the chest. These beats occur in the atria, the smallest chambers of the heart.
2. Ventricular Arrhythmias
These arrhythmias start in the ventricles, the lower chambers of the heart that pump blood around the body. Because the ventricles play such an important part in your circulation, arrhythmias occurring there can be extremely dangerous.
3. Bradyarrythmias
This type of arrhythmia causes the heart rate to dip below normal (60 beats per minute for an average adult). This causes blood circulation to slow to the brain, thus possibly causing unconsciousness. They are often connected to other types of heart problems, like heart attack or a reaction to medication.
4. Supraventricular Arrhythmias
These fast heart rates start in the atria or AV (atrioventricular) node, a barrier of cells separating the atria and ventricles in the heart.
In the vast majority of cases, the arrhythmia's effects are momentary and come without few or any symptoms. However, there are cases when the symptoms can be serious and require immediate medical attention.
Arrhythmia symptoms :
- Chest pain
- Shortness of breath
- Slowed heartbeat
- Anxiety
- Racing heartbeat
- Near fainting
- Fainting
- Weakness
- Dizziness
- Fluttering feeling in your chest
- Feeling of long pauses between heartbeats
- Lightheadedness
Nursing Care Plan for Heart Arrhythmia
Nursing Diagnosis and Interventions for Heart Arrhythmia
Nursing Diagnosis 1.
Risk for Decreased cardiac output related to electrical conduction disturbances, decreased myocardial contractility.
Nursing Interventions :
- Avoid causing intense emotional situations
- Avoid too hot cold patient
- Prevents decision making when patients are under severe stress
- Refrain from giving oral stimulants
- Refrain from entering anal lubricant
- Refrain from taking rectal temperature
- Refrain from doing a rectal or vaginal examination
- Limit environmental stimuli
- Delays shower if appropriate
- Restrict smoking
- Encourage competitive
- Instruct the patient to progressive exercise
- Instruct the patient or family on the symptoms of heart compromise shows need for rest
- Patient identity method of handling stress
- Perform relaxation therapy if appropriate
Nursing Diagnosis 2.
Activity intolerance related to acute pain, fatigue / exhaustion.
Nursing Interventions:
- Monitor patients for self-care ability,
- Monitor patient's need for adaptive devices for personal hygiene, dressing, toileting, and eating
- Provide the desired personal article
- Provide assistance until the patient is fully able to assume self-care
- Assist patients in receiving the dependency needs
- Use a consistent repetition of routine health care as a way of setting them
- Encourage independence, but the intervention when the patient can not perform
- Teach parents or family to encourage self-reliance, to increase only when the patient is unable to perform
- Establish a routine for self-care activities
- Consider patient age when promoting self-care activities
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