According to Cunningham (1995: 421) all neonates weighing 4000 grams or more regardless of the gestational age is considered as macrosomia. Conditions birthweight above average (Macrosomia) require more care / intensive and must be monitored to avoid the risk in the future.
There are two groups of so-called excessive birth weight babies.
- Babies born weighing more than 3900 grams. This condition is known as the "Giant Baby" and can be picked up to grow up.
- Babies born with normal weight of about 2500-3800 grams, but the growth period, up quite a lot. As this is termed a baby weighing more than average.
There are some things that cause fetal overweight:
- Mothers who suffer from diabetes. Pregnant mother's blood sugar levels of patients with diabetes mellitus is high. This condition gives the opportunity fetus to grow beyond the size of the average. If the function of the placenta and the umbilical cord is good, then the prospective baby may grow more fertile.
- The mother had a history of large babies. Mother with first pregnancy gave birth to giant baby, a great opportunity to have a second child with the same condition in subsequent pregnancies.
- Genetic factors. Obesity and overweight experienced mother and father can be decreased in infants.
- Effect of nutritional adequacy. The amount of food consumed by pregnant women will affect the weight of the fetus. Excessive nutrient intake can result in babies born weighing more than average.
- Pregnancy is not the first. There is a tendency second child's birth weight and so on, is bigger than the first child.