Nursing Diagnosis for Child with Hypospadias : Acute Pain
Hypospadias is a congenital disorder that can be detected when or shortly after birth, the term hypospadias explained by abnormalities in male urethral opening. The disorder is more common in hypospadias the urethral opening, usually appears beside the ventral penile shaft. Often, though not always, these abnormalities associated as a chordee, which is the term for a penis that rotate downward. (Speer, 2007: 168)
Acute Pain
Definition:
Feel less happy, relieved, and perfect in the physical, psychospiritual, environmental and social.
Defining characteristics:
- Anxiety.
- Crying.
- Disruption of sleep patterns.
- Fear.
- Inability to relax.
- Irritability.
- Whimpered.
- Reported feeling cold.
- Reported feeling the heat.
- Reported feeling uncomfortable.
- Reported less than happy with the situation.
- Restless.
- Disease-related symptoms.
- Inadequate sources (eg financial and social support).
- Less environmental control.
NOC
- The level of comfort.
- Level of anxiety.
Goal:
After nursing action for 2x24 hours the client is able to:
1. Demonstrate a level of comfort with the indicator:
- Reported physical wellbeing.
- Reported satisfaction with symptom control.
- Reported psychological wellbeing.
- Expressing satisfaction with the physical environment.
- Expressing satisfaction with social relationships.
- Expressing spiritual satisfaction.
- Reported satisfaction with the level of freedom.
- Expressing satisfaction with pain control.
- Demonstrate flexibility role.
- Family show.
- The flexibility of the role of its members.
- Involve the family in making decisions angoota.
- Expressing feelings and emotional freedom.
- Demonstrate stress reduction strategies.
NIC
Pain Management
- Observation of nonverbal reactions of discomfort.
- Perform a comprehensive pain assessment, including the location, characteristics, duration, frequency, scale, quality and precipitation factors (muscle that has not been moved).
- Take action to improve the comfort of relaxation, ie. massage, posture, relaxation techniques.
- Use hot and cold techniques as recommended to minimize the pain.
- Choose variation of the size of the treatment (pharmacological, non-pharmacological, and only between personal relationships) to reduce pain.
- Teach for use of non-pharmacological techniques (such as: biofeddback, TENS, hypnosis, relaxation, music therapy, distraction, play therapy, acupressure, apikasi warm / cold, and massage) before, after and if possible, during the peak of pain, before the pain occurs or increased, and all the pain was still measurable.
- Monitor patient acceptance of pain management.
- Use soothing approach.
- State clearly the expectations of the patient.
- Accompany patients to provide security and reduce fear.
- Encourage the family to accompany the child.
- Perform a back / neck rub.
- Listen attentively.
- Identify the level of anxiety.
- Help patients recognize situations that cause anxiety.
- Encourage the patient to express feelings, fears, perceptions.
- Give medication to reduce anxiety.
- Collaborate with your doctor if any complaints of pain and unsuccessful action.
- Collaboration surgical procedure: The release of chordee and tunneling. Uretroplasty.
- Provide factual information about the diagnosis, prognosis action Pressure Management,
- Explain all procedures and what is felt during the procedure.
- Instruct the patient to use relaxation techniques.