Seizures is release of a group of neurons suddenly resulting in impaired consciousness, movement, sensation or memory besifat while. The term epilepsy is usually a chronic disorder that is incurred as a form of recurrent seizures (Hudak and Gallo, 1996).
The mechanism of the occurrence of epileptic seizures are :
The existence of focus that are hypersensitive (epilepsy focus) and the emergence of a state of partial depolarization in brain tissue.
Increased membrane permeability.
Increased senstitif to acetylcholine, L-glutamate and GABA (gamma-aminobutyric-acid) are inhibitive to the distribution of electrical activity in the nerve synapse.
Epileptic focus can spread to other places with the loss of electrical charge so that the electric field changes and a decrease in excitatory threshold, which then caused massive electrical blast. When the focus is not spread to the surrounding or just spread until a certain distance or do not involve the whole brain, there will be a local epilepsy seizures (partial).
According to experts that most epileptic seizures originate from a set of abnormal neuronal cells in the brain, which releases excessive charge and hyper-synchronous. Groups of neurons are abnormal cells, which is also known as focal epileptic underlies all types of epilepsy, either general or local (partial). Remove the electrical charge can then be spread through the pathways 'physiological - anatomical' and involves the surrounding area or the more remote areas located in the brain.
Not all neurons in the central nervous system can trigger epileptic seizure clinic, although removing excessive electrical charge. Cell neurons in the cerebellum of the brain stem at the bottom and in the spinal cord, although they can release electrical charge excessive, but their positions are not capable of causing trigger epileptic seizures. Until now there has been revealed with certainty what the trigger mechanism of neuron cells to remove the sync and charge excessive (the mechanisms of epilepsy).
The exact mechanism of seizure activity in the brain does not everything can be understood. Some triggers causing a sudden burst of abnormal electrical stimulation, the brain disrupt normal nerve conduction. In the brain that are not prone to seizures, there is a balance between excitatory and inhibitory synaptic affecting postsynaptic neurons. In the brain susceptible to seizures, this balance is disturbed, causing an imbalance of electrical conduction pattern called paroxysmal depolarization displacement. This displacement can look good when there is the influence of excessive excitatory or inhibitory effect is not sufficient (Hudak and Gallo, 1996).
The imbalance of acetylcholine and GABA. Acetylcholine in excessive amounts cause seizures, whereas GABA decrease excitability and suppress the onset of seizures.