Assessment of Basic Data
1. Data that needs to be examined :
- The identity of the client include (name, age, address, religion, and gender).
- The main complaint or reason.
- Family history.
- The pattern of activity.
- Coping mechanisms.
- Knowledge.
- Trigger factors :
- Allergens (pollen, dust, skin or fungi).
- Emotional stress.
- Excessive physical activity.
- Air pollution.
- Respiratory tract infections.
- Failure of the recommended treatment program.
- Supporting factors :
- Smoking tobacco products as the main factor.
- Live or work areas with heavy air pollution.
- History of allergy in the family.
3. Physical examination by a focus on the respiratory system include :
- Assess the frequency and rhythm of breathing.
- Inspection of skin color and the color of the mucous membranes.
- Auscultation of breath sounds.
- Make sure when the patient using accessory muscles when breathing :
- Shrugged during breathing.
- Retraction of the abdominal muscles during breathing.
- Nostril breathing.
- Assess if symmetrical or asymmetrical chest expansion.
- Assess if chest pain on breathing.
- Assess cough (productive or nonproductive whether). When productive specify the color of sputum.
- Determine if the patient has dyspnea or orthopnea.
- Assess the level of consciousness.
- Arterial blood gases showed low PaO2 and PaCO2 high.
- Chest X-ray showed an increase in lung capacity and backup volumes.
- Positive sputum culture when there is an infection.
- Essay immunoglobulin showed an increase in serum IgE.
- Pulmonary function tests to determine the cause of dyspnea and determine whether the abnormal function of the lung (obstruction or restriction).
- Hemoglobolin test.
- ECG (P wave elevation in leads II, III, AVF and the vertical axis.
How to study the perception of pneumoconiosis :
- Verbal descriptive of the disease pneumoconiosis.
- The information necessary to be a portrait of the individual pneumoconiosis.